Sains Malaysiana 54(5)(2025): 1209-1220

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5405-01

Stock Status of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis Linnaeus, 1758) using Length-Based Assessment in Cenderawasih Bay, Indonesia

(Status Stok Tuna Skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis Linnaeus, 1758) menggunakan Penilaian Berasaskan Panjang di Teluk Cenderawasih, Indonesia)

ERFIND NURDIN^1,*, MUHAMMAD TAUFIK ¹, PRATIWI LESTARI ¹, ASEP MA’MUN², DURANTA D. KEMBAREN¹, TIRTADANU¹, TEGOEH NOEGROHO¹, PRIHATININGSIH¹ & ANTHONY S. PANGGABEAN¹

¹Research Center for Fishery, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Bogor KM. 46 Cibinong, Nanggewer Mekar, Bogor - Indonesia

²Maritime Raja Ali Haji University, Jalan Raya Dompak - Tanjung Pinang 29124, Kepulauan Riau - Indonesia

Received: 3 April 2024/Accepted: 19 February 2025

Abstract

The West Pacific and the waters of Cenderawasih Bay are potential fishing grounds and part of the fishery management area (FMA) 717 of the Republic of Indonesia. Increased production demand may result in overfishing, which has led to the depletion of fish stocks. To ensure the long-term viability of these fisheries, effective management practices are essential. This study aims to examine size distribution, growth, and population parameters that can be used as fish resource management inputs for skipjack fisheries in Cenderawasih Bay. Length-based approach was used to estimate biological parameters and the dynamics of populations as well as the stock status within data-limited fisheries. Length frequency data was used to assess the Katsuwonus pelamis fisheries condition.  From January to November 2021, in all of 2,211 fish were taken samples from numerous commercial small-scale vessel units that were operating around anchor fish aggregating devices (FADs). The results showed that the exploitation rate (E) was 0.69 year¹, L _∞ = 96.8 cm fork length (cmFL), k= 0.38 year^-1, and t₀ = -0.31 year. Natural mortality (M) was 0.66 year^-1, fishing mortality (F) was 1.46 year^-1, and total mortality (Z) was 2.12 year^-1. Overfishing condition has occurred according to the current fishing mortality rate (F_cur=1.46 year^-1), which has exceeded the reference point of maximum fishing mortality (F_max=0.76 year^-1) and F_40% (0.9 year^-1). The growth overfishing condition was indicated based on the current selectivity of handline (Lc_cur=42 cm), which is smaller than the optimal selectivity of L_max (55 cm). Some management tools, such as the regulation on minimum size of hooks and the total allowable catch (TAC) system, can be utilized to consider skipjack tuna fisheries sustainability in Cendrawasih Bay. 

Keywords: Exploitation rate; fisheries; growth; handline

Abstrak

Pasifik Barat dan perairan Teluk Cenderawasih merupakan kawasan perikanan berpotensi dan sebahagian daripada Kawasan Pengurusan Ikan (Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan 717) Republik Indonesia. Peningkatan permintaan pengeluaran boleh menyebabkan penangkapan ikan berlebihan yang telah membawa kepada penurunan stok ikan. Untuk memastikan kelangsungan hidup jangka panjang ikan ini, amalan pengurusan yang berkesan adalah penting. Penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji taburan saiz, pertumbuhan dan parameter populasi yang boleh digunakan sebagai input pengurusan sumber ikan untuk memancing skipjack di Teluk Cenderawasih. Pendekatan berasaskan panjang digunakan untuk menganggar parameter biologi dan dinamik populasi serta status stok dengan data yang terhad. Data frekuensi panjang digunakan untuk menganalisis keadaan perikanan Katsuwonus pelamis. Dari Januari hingga November 2021, semua 2,211 ikan diambil sampel daripada pelbagai unit kapal komersial berskala kecil yang beroperasi di sekitar peranti agregasi ikan (FADs). Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa kadar eksploitasi (E) adalah 0.69 tahun^-1, L∞ = 96.8 cm, panjang cabang (cmFL), k = 0.38 tahun^-1dan t₀ = -0.31 tahun. Kematian semula jadi (M) ialah 0.66 tahun^-1, kematian akibat perikanan (F) ialah 1.46 tahun^-1 dan kematian keseluruhan (Z) ialah 2.12  tahun^-1. Keadaan penangkapan ikan berlebihan telah berlaku mengikut kadar kematian semasa (F_cur=1.46 tahun^-1) yang telah melebihi titik rujukan F_max (0.76 tahun^-1) dan F_40% (0.9 tahun^-1). Keadaan pertumbuhan penangkapan ikan berlebihan dinyatakan berdasarkan pemilihan pancing semasa (Lc_cur=42 cm), lebih kecil daripada pemilihan optimum L_max (55 cm). Sesetengah alatan pengurusan seperti peraturan mengenai saiz minimum mata kail dan jumlah system tangkapan yang dibenarkan (TAC) boleh digunakan untuk mempertimbangkan kestabilan perikanan tuna skipjack di Teluk Cendrawasih.

Kata kunci: Kadar eksploitasi; pancing; perikanan; pertumbuhan

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*Corresponding author; email: erfindnd@gmail.com